Table of Contents Music Theory

 

Music Theory is divided into: Elementary Music Theory, Harmony en Ear Training.

Music Theory is divided into 8 levels. On completion of level 8, the theoretical knowledge gained will be sufficient to sit for music conservatorium entrance exams.

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Table of Contents


Music theory level 1

Chapter 1.1 Musical notation

Chapter 1.2 Notes, rests and accidentals

Chapter 1.3 Measure and time signature

  • Ear Training exercise 1e: recognizing rhythm

Chapter 1.4 Dynamic signs and markings

Chapter 1.5 Articulation

Chapter 1.6 Abbreviations and signs

Chapter 1.7 Tempo

Chapter 1.8 Half and whole steps

  • Harmony exercise 1a: half and whole steps

Chapter 1.9 Intervals

  • Harmony exercise 1b: names of the intervals

Chapter 1.10 Harmonic and melodic intervals

Chapter 1.11 Second, third, fourth and fifth

  • Harmony exercise 1c: second, third, fourth and fifth
  • Harmony exercise 1d: making a second, third, fourth and fifth on the natural notes
  • Ear Training exercise 1f: second, third, fourth and fifth

Chapter 1.12 Major and minor second

  • Harmony exercise 1e: major and minor seconds
  • Harmony exercise 1f: making major and minor seconds on the natural notes
  • Ear Training exercise 1g: major and minor seconds

Chapter 1.13 The major scale

  • Ear Training exercise 1h: recognizing the major scale

Chapter 1.14 The C major scale

  • Ear Training exercise 1i: scales

Chapter 1.15 The G major scale

Chapter 1.16 Recognizing melody

  • Ear Training exercise 1a: recognizing melody entry-level
  • Ear Training exercise 1b: recognizing melody

Chapter 1.17 Melodic deviation

  • Ear Training exercise 1c: melodic deviation entry-level
  • Ear Training exercise 1d: melodic deviation

Chapter 1.18 Rhythmic dictation

  • 44 rhythmic dictations

Chapter 1.19 Melodic dictation

  • 35 melodic dictations

Music theory level 2

Chapter 2.1 Musical notation

Chapter 2.2 Notes, rests and accidentals

  • Ear Training exercise 2e: recognizing rhythm

Chapter 2.3 Measure and time signature

Chapter 2.4 Dynamic signs and markings

Chapter 2.5 Abbreviations and signs

Chapter 2.6 Tempo

Chapter 2.7 Sixth, seventh and octave

  • Harmony exercise 2a: sixth, seventh and octave
  • Harmony exercise 2b: making sixth, seventh and octave on the natural notes
  • Ear Training exercise 2f: sixth, seventh and octave

Chapter 2.8 Making major and minor second on all notes

  • Harmony exercise 2c: making major and minor seconds on all notes

Chapter 2.9 Chords

Chapter 2.10 Triads

  • Harmony exercise 2d: Triads: root, third and fifth

Chapter 2.11 Root position and inversion

  • Harmony exercise 2e: Triads: root, root position and inversion
  • Harmony exercise 2f: Triads: determining the root
  • Harmony exercise 2g: Triads: determining the position of a triad

Chapter 2.12 Degrees: triads and scales

Chapter 2.13 Scales: tonic, dominant tone and leading tone

Chapter 2.14 Degrees I, IV and V: tonic, subdominant and dominant

Chapter 2.15 The dominant seventh chord

Chapter 2.16 The primary degrees in C major

  • Harmony exercise 2h: the primary degrees in C major

Chapter 2.17 The primary degrees in G major

  • Harmony exercise 2i: the primary degrees in G major

Chapter 2.18 The D major scale

  • Ear Training exercise 2g: scales

Chapter 2.19 The primary degrees in D major

  • Harmony exercise 2j: the primary degrees in D major

Chapter 2.20 Recognizing melody

  • Ear Training exercise 2a: recognizing melody

Chapter 2.21 Melodic deviation

  • Ear Training exercise 2b: melodic deviation

Chapter 2.22 Scale degrees

  • Ear Training exercise 2c: scale degrees entry-level
  • Ear Training exercise 2d: scale degrees

Chapter 2.23 Rhythmic dictation

  • 42 rhythmic dictations

Chapter 2.24 Melodic dictation

  • 24 melodic dictations

Chapter 2.25 Degrees: ear training

  • Ear Training exercise 2h: chords: recognizing degrees
  • Ear Training exercise 2i: chords: notating degrees
  • Ear Training exercise 2j: chords: degrees and melody

Music theory level 3

Chapter 3.1 Measure and time signature

  • Ear Training exercise 3d: recognizing rhythm

Chapter 3.2 Dynamic signs and markings

Chapter 3.3 Tempo

Chapter 3.4 Musical forms

Chapter 3.5 Major and minor third

  • Harmony exercise 3a: major and minor third
  • Harmony exercise 3b: making major and minor thirds on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 3c: making major and minor thirds on all notes
  • Ear Training exercise 3l: major and minor thirds
  • Ear Training exercise 3m: major and minor thirds and seconds

Chapter 3.6 Perfect fifth

  • Harmony exercise 3d: making perfect fifths on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 3e: making perfect fifths on all notes

Chapter 3.7 Major and minor triads

  • Harmony exercise 3f: major and minor triads
  • Harmony exercise 3g: making major and minor triads on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 3h: making major and minor triads on all notes
  • Ear Training exercise 3n: major and minor triads

Chapter 3.8 The F major scale

Chapter 3.9 The primary degrees in F major

  • Harmony exercise 3i: the primary degrees in F major

Chapter 3.10 The chromatic scale

Chapter 3.11 The minor scale

  • Ear Training exercise 3e: major and natural minor scale

Chapter 3.12 The leading tone in the minor scale

Chapter 3.13 The harmonic and melodic minor scale

  • Ear Training exercise 3f: natural and harmonic minor scale
  • Ear Training exercise 3g: natural and melodic minor scale
  • Ear Training exercise 3h: harmonic and melodic minor scale
  • Ear Training exercise 3i: all minor scales
  • Ear Training exercise 3j: major and minor scales

Chapter 3.14 The A minor scale

Chapter 3.15 The primary degrees in A minor

  • Harmony exercise 3j: the primary degrees in A minor

Chapter 3.16 The D minor scale

  • Ear Training exercise 3k: scales

Chapter 3.17 The primary degrees in D minor

  • Harmony exercise 3k: the primary degrees in D minor

Chapter 3.18 Chord symbols

Chapter 3.19 Recognizing melody

  • Ear Training exercise 3a: recognizing melody

Chapter 3.20 Melodic deviation

  • Ear Training exercise 3b: melodic deviation

Chapter 3.21 Scale degrees

  • Ear Training exercise 3c: scale degrees

Chapter 3.22 Rhythmic dictation

  • 20 rhythmic dictations

Chapter 3.23 Melodic dictation

  • 20 melodic dictations

Chapter 3.24 Degrees: ear training

  • Ear Training exercise 3o: chords: recognizing degrees
  • Ear Training exercise 3p: chords: notating degrees
  • Ear Training exercise 3q: chords: degrees and melody

Music theory level 4

Chapter 4.1 Notes, rests and accidentals

Chapter 4.2 Measure and time signature

  • Ear Training exercise 4d: recognizing rhythm

Chapter 4.3 Dynamic signs and markings

Chapter 4.4 Abbreviations and signs

Chapter 4.5 Tempo

Chapter 4.6 Musical forms

Chapter 4.7 Ornaments

Chapter 4.8 Perfect fourth and octave

  • Harmony exercise 4a: perfect fourth, fifth and octave
  • Harmony exercise 4b: making perfect fourths on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 4c: making perfect fourths on all notes
  • Ear Training exercise 4f: perfect fourth, fifth and octave

Chapter 4.9 Major and minor sixth

  • Harmony exercise 4d: major and minor sixth
  • Harmony exercise 4e: making major and minor sixths on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 4f: making major and minor sixths on all notes
  • Ear Training exercise 4g: major and minor sixth

Chapter 4.10 Major and minor seventh

  • Harmony exercise 4g: major and minor seventh
  • Harmony exercise 4h: making major and minor sevenths on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 4i: making major and minor sevenths on all notes
  • Ear Training exercise 4h: major and minor seventh
  • Ear Training exercise 4i: major and minor sixths and sevenths

Chapter 4.11 Triads: the first and second inversiong

  • Harmony exercise 4j: Triads: root position, first and second inversion
  • Harmony exercise 4k: Triads: lowest tone of an inversion
  • Harmony exercise 4l: Triads: making inversions with given root (natural notes)
  • Harmony exercise 4m: Triads: making inversions with given root (all notes)
  • Harmony exercise 4n: Triads: making inversions on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 4o: Triads: making inversions on all notes
  • Ear Training exercise 4j: major triad: root position or first inversion
  • Ear Training exercise 4k: major triad: root position or second inversion
  • Ear Training exercise 4l: major triad: first or second inversion
  • Ear Training exercise 4m: minor triad: root position or first inversion
  • Ear Training exercise 4n: minor triad: root position or second inversion
  • Ear Training exercise 4o: minor triad: first or second inversion

Chapter 4.12 The B flat major scale

Chapter 4.13 The primary degrees in B flat major

  • Harmony exercise 4p: the primary degrees in B flat major

Chapter 4.14 The E minor scale

Chapter 4.15 The primary degrees in E minor

  • Harmony exercise 4q: the primary degrees in E minor

Chapter 4.16 The G minor scale

  • Ear Training exercise 4e: scales

Chapter 4.17 The primary degrees in G minor

  • Harmony exercise 4r: the primary degrees in G minor

Chapter 4.18 Chord symbols

Chapter 4.19 Recognizing melody

  • Ear Training exercise 4a: recognizing melody

Chapter 4.20 Melodic deviation

  • Ear Training exercise 4b: melodic deviation

Chapter 4.21 Scale degrees

  • Ear Training exercise 4c: scale degrees

Chapter 4.22 Rhythmic dictation

  • 36 rhythmic dictations

Chapter 4.23 Melodic dictation

  • 20 melodic dictations

Chapter 4.24 Degrees: ear training

  • Ear Training exercise 4p: chords: recognizing degrees
  • Ear Training exercise 4q: chords: notating degrees
  • Ear Training exercise 4r: chords: degrees and melody

Music theory level 5

Chapter 5.1 Notes, rests and accidentals

Chapter 5.2 Measure and time signature

  • Ear Training exercise 5d: recognizing rhythm

Chapter 5.3 Articulation

Chapter 5.4 Tempo

Chapter 5.5 Musical forms

Chapter 5.6 Ornaments

Chapter 5.7 Inversion of intervals

  • Harmony exercise 5a: inversions of intervals
  • Ear Training exercise 5f: second, third, fourth and fifth
  • Ear Training exercise 5g: second, third, fourth and fifth harmonically

Chapter 5.8 Seventh chords

  • Harmony exercise 5b: Seventh chords: root, third, fifth and seventh
  • Harmony exercise 5c: Seventh chords: determining the root

Chapter 5.9 Seventh chords: root position and inversions

  • Harmony exercise 5d: Seventh chords: root position and inversions
  • Harmony exercise 5e: Seventh chords: determining the position of a seventh chord
  • Harmony exercise 5f: Seventh chords: lowest tone of an inversion
  • Harmony exercise 5g: Seventh chords: making inversions with given root
  • Harmony exercise 5h: Seventh chords: making inversions on the natural notes

Chapter 5.10. Ear Training: root position and inversions of triads

  • Ear Training exercise 5h: major and minor triad: root position or first inversion
  • Ear Training exercise 5i: major and minor triad: root position or second inversion
  • Ear Training exercise 5j: major and minor triad: first or second inversion
  • Ear Training exercise 5k: major triad: all positions
  • Ear Training exercise 5l: minor triad: all positions
  • Ear Training exercise 5m: major and minor triad: all positions

Chapter 5.11 Secondry degrees: the second degree (II)

  • Harmony exercise 5m: the second degree

Chapter 5.12 The A major scale

Chapter 5.13 The primary degrees in A major

  • Harmony exercise 5i: the primary degrees in A major

Chapter 5.14 The E flat major scale

Chapter 5.15 The primary degrees in E flat major

  • Harmony exercise 5j: the primary degrees in E flat major

Chapter 5.16 The B minor scale

Chapter 5.17 The primary degrees in B minor

  • Harmony exercise 5k: the primary degrees in B minor

Chapter 5.18 The C minor scale

  • Ear Training exercise 5e: scales

Chapter 5.19 The primary degrees in C minor

  • Harmony exercise 5l: the primary degrees in C minor

Chapter 5.20 Recognizing melody

  • Ear Training exercise 5a: recognizing melody

Chapter 5.21 Melodic deviation

  • Ear Training exercise 5b: melodic deviation

Chapter 5.22 Scale degrees

  • Ear Training exercise 5c: scale degrees

Chapter 5.23 Rhythmic dictation

  • 20 rhythmic dictations

Chapter 5.24 Melodic dictation

  • 44 melodic dictations

Chapter 5.25 Degrees: ear training

  • Ear Training exercise 5n: chords: recognizing degrees
  • Ear Training exercise 5o: chords: notating degrees
  • Ear Training exercise 5p: chords: degrees and melody

Music theory level 6

Chapter 6.1 Notes, rests and accidentals

  • Ear Training exercise 6d: recognizing rhythm

Chapter 6.2 Dynamic signs and markings

Chapter 6.3 Articulation

Chapter 6.4 Abbreviations and signs

Chapter 6.5 Tempo

Chapter 6.6 Musical forms

Chapter 6.7 Ornaments

Chapter 6.8 Augmented fourth, diminished and augmented fifth

  • Harmony exercise 6a: perfect, diminished and augmented fourth and fifth
  • Harmony exercise 6b: making augmented fourth, diminished and augmented fifth on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 6c: making augmented fourth, diminished and augmented fifth on all notes
  • Ear Training exercise 6f: perfect and augmented fourth and perfect fifth

Chapter 6.9 The five types of intervals

  • Harmony exercise 6d: making intervals on all notes
  • Harmony exercise 6e: making intervals under all notes
  • Ear Training exercise 6g: all intervals up to the octave
  • Ear Training exercise 6h: all intervals up to the octave harmonically

Chapter 6.10 Ear Training: root position and inversions of triads

  • Ear Training exercise 6i: major and minor triad: type and position
  • Ear Training exercise 6j: major and minor triad: type and position harmonically

Chapter 6.11 Diminished and augmented triad

  • Harmony exercise 6f: diminished and augmented triads
  • Harmony exercise 6g: making diminished and augmented triads on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 6h: making diminished and augmented triads on all notes
  • Harmony exercise 6i: making inversions of diminished and augmented triads with given root (natural notes)
  • Harmony exercise 6j: making inversions of diminished and augmented triads with given root (all notes)
  • Harmony exercise 6k: making inversions of diminished and augmented triads on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 6l: making inversions of diminished and augmented triads on all notes
  • Ear Training exercise 6k: diminished and augmented triads
  • Ear Training exercise 6l: diminished and augmented triads harmonically

Chapter 6.12 Secondry degrees: the sixth degree (VI)

  • Harmony exercise 6q: the sixth degree

Chapter 6.13 Chord symbols

Chapter 6.14 The E major scale

Chapter 6.15 The primary degrees in E major

  • Harmony exercise 6m: the primary degrees in E major

Chapter 6.16 The A flat major scale

Chapter 6.17 The primary degrees in A flat major

  • Harmony exercise 6n: the primary degrees in A flat major

Chapter 6.18 The F sharp minor scale

Chapter 6.19 The primary degrees in F sharp minor

  • Harmony exercise 6o: the primary degrees in F sharp minor

Chapter 6.20 The C sharp minor scale

  • Ear Training exercise 6e: scales

Chapter 6.21 The primary degrees in C sharp minor

  • Harmony exercise 6p: the primary degrees in C sharp minor

Chapter 6.22 Recognizing melody

  • Ear Training exercise 6a: recognizing melody

Chapter 6.23 Melodic deviation

  • Ear Training exercise 6b: melodic deviation

Chapter 6.24 Scale degrees

  • Ear Training exercise 6c: scale degrees

Chapter 6.25 Rhythmic dictation

  • 22 rhythmic dictations

Chapter 6.26 Melodic dictation

  • 40 melodic dictations

Chapter 6.27 Degrees: ear training

  • Ear Training exercise 6m: chords: recognizing degrees
  • Ear Training exercise 6n: chords: notating degrees
  • Ear Training exercise 6o: chords: degrees and melody

Music theory level 7

Chapter 7.1 Musical notation

Chapter 7.2 Notes, rests and accidentals

Chapter 7.3 Measure and time signature

Chapter 7.4 Dynamic signs and markings

Chapter 7.5 Articulation

Chapter 7.6 Tempo

Chapter 7.7 Musical forms

Chapter 7.8 Ornaments

Chapter 7.9 Embellishing tones: nonharmonically tones

  • Harmony exercise 7a: embellishing tones

Chapter 7.10 Triads and scale degrees

  • Harmony exercise 7b: triads and scale degrees

Chapter 7.11 Ear Training: minor, major, diminished and augmented triads

  • Ear Training exercise 7d: minor, major, diminished and augmented triads
  • Ear Training exercise 7e: minor, major, diminished and augmented triads harmonically
  • Ear Training exercise 7f: diminished triad: root position or first inversion
  • Ear Training exercise 7g: diminished triad: root position or second inversion
  • Ear Training exercise 7h: diminished triad: first or second inversion
  • Ear Training exercise 7i: diminished triad: all positions
  • Ear Training exercise 7j: diminished triad: all positions harmonically
  • Ear Training exercise 7k: minor, major, diminished and augmented triad: type and position
  • Ear Training exercise 7l: minor, major, diminished and augmented triad: type and position harmonically

Chapter 7.12 Secondary degrees: the third (III) and seventh (VII) degree

  • Harmony exercise 7c: the third and seventh degree

Chapter 7.13 The seven types of seventh chords

  • Harmony exercise 7d: structure of the seven types of seventh chords
  • Harmony exercise 7e: the seven types of seventh chords
  • Harmony exercise 7f: making seventh chords with major and minor triads on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 7g: making seventh chords with diminished and augmented triads on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 7h: making seventh chords with major and minor triads on all notes
  • Harmony exercise 7i: making seventh chords with diminished and augmented triads on all notes
  • Harmony exercise 7j: making inversions of seventh chords with major and minor triads with given root (natural notes)
  • Harmony exercise 7k: making inversions of seventh chords with diminished and augmented triads with given root (natural notes)
  • Harmony exercise 7l: making inversions of seventh chords with major and minor triads with given root (all notes)
  • Harmony exercise 7m: making inversions of seventh chords with diminished and augmented triads with given root (all notes)
  • Harmony exercise 7n: making inversions of seventh chords with major and minor triads on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 7o: making inversions of seventh chords with diminished and augmented triads on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 7p: making inversions of seventh chords with major and minor triads on all notes
  • Harmony exercise 7q: making inversions of seventh chords with diminished and augmented triads on all notes
  • Ear Training exercise 7m: major seventh chord and dominant seventh chord
  • Ear Training exercise 7n: minor major seventh chord and minor seventh chord
  • Ear Training exercise 7o: major seventh chord, dominant seventh chord, minor major seventh chord and minor seventh chord
  • Ear Training exercise 7p: half-diminished seventh chord, diminished seventh chord and augmented seventh chord

Chapter 7.14 Chord symbols

Chapter 7.15 The B major scale

Chapter 7.16 The primary degrees in B major

  • Harmony exercise 7r: the primary degrees in B major

Chapter 7.17 The D flat major scale

Chapter 7.18 The primary degrees in D flat major

  • Harmony exercise 7s: the primary degrees in D flat major

Chapter 7.19 The F minor scale

Chapter 7.20 The primary degrees in F minor

  • Harmony exercise 7t: the primary degrees in F minor

Chapter 7.21 The G sharp minor scale

  • Ear Training exercise 7c: scales

Chapter 7.22 The primary degrees in G sharp minor

  • Harmony exercise 7u: the primary degrees in G sharp minor

Chapter 7.23 Melodic deviation

  • Ear Training exercise 7a: melodic deviation

Chapter 7.24 Scale degrees

  • Ear Training exercise 7b: scale degrees

Chapter 7.25 Rhythmic dictation

  • 23 rhythmic dictations

Chapter 7.26 Melodic dictation

  • 35 melodic dictations

Chapter 7.27 Two voice melodic dictation

  • 18 two voice melodic dictations

Music theory level 8

Chapter 8.1 Notes, rests and accidentals

Chapter 8.2 Dynamic signs and markings

Chapter 8.3 Abbreviations and signs

Chapter 8.4 Tempo

Chapter 8.5 The cadential six-four chord

  • Harmony exercise 8a: cadential six-four chord

Chapter 8.6 Chords with altered tones

  • Harmony exercise 8b: Borrowed chords and Neapolitan sixth chord

Chapter 8.7 The secondary dominant chord

  • Harmony exercise 8c: secondary dominant chord

Chapter 8.8 Augmented sixth chords - triads

  • Harmony exercise 8d: double-diminished flat-fifth and major flat-fifth triad
  • Harmony exercise 8e: making double-diminished flat-fifth and major flat-fifth triad on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 8f: making double-diminished flat-fifth and major flat-fifth triad on all notes
  • Harmony exercise 8g: making Italian sixth chords and augmented six-four chords with given root (natural notes)
  • Harmony exercise 8h: making Italian sixth chords and augmented six-four chords with given root (all notes)
  • Harmony exercise 8i: making Italian sixth chords and augmented six-four chords on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 8j: making Italian sixth chords and augmented six-four chords on all notes
  • Ear Training exercise 8g: final triad

Chapter 8.9 Seventh chords and scale degrees

  • Harmony exercise 8k: seventh chords and scale degrees
  • Ear Training exercise 8h: all seventh chords

Chapter 8.10 Augmented sixth chords - seventh chords

  • Harmony exercise 8l: double-diminished seventh chords and dominant seventh chords with flat fifth
  • Harmony exercise 8m: making double-diminished seventh chords and dominant seventh chords with flat fifth on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 8n: making double-diminished seventh chord and dominant seventh chord with flat fifth on all notes
  • Harmony exercise 8o: making German and French sixth chord with given root (natural notes)
  • Harmony exercise 8p: making German and French sixth chord with given root (all notes)
  • Harmony exercise 8q: making German and French sixth chord on the natural notes
  • Harmony exercise 8r: making German and French sixth chord on all notes

Chapter 8.11 Chord connections

Chapter 8.12 Chord scheme

Chapter 8.13 Chord symbols

Chapter 8.14 The F sharp major scale

Chapter 8.15 The primary degrees in F sharp major

  • Harmony exercise 8s: the primary degrees in F sharp major

Chapter 8.16 The G flat major scale

Chapter 8.17 The primary degrees in G flat major

  • Harmony exercise 8t: the primary degrees in G flat major

Chapter 8.18 The B flat minor scale

  • Ear Training exercise 8c: scales

Chapter 8.19 The primary degrees in B flat minor

  • Harmony exercise 8u: the primary degrees in B flat minor

Chapter 8.20 The circle of fifths

  • Harmony exercise 8v: circle of fifths

Chapter 8.21 Applying the circle of fifths

  • Harmony exercise 8w: determining the key

Chapter 8.22 Alternative scales

  • Harmony exercise 8x: alternative scales
  • Ear Training exercise 8d: Church modes: Ionian, Lydian and Mixolydian
  • Ear Training exercise 8e: Church modes: Aeolian, Dorian and Phrygian
  • Ear Training exercise 8f: all church modes

Chapter 8.23 Melodic deviation

  • Ear Training exercise 8a: melodic deviation

Chapter 8.24 Scale degrees

  • Ear Training exercise 8b: scale degrees

Chapter 8.25 Rhythmic dictation

  • 16 rhythmic dictations

Chapter 8.26 Melodic dictation

  • 16 melodic dictations

Chapter 8.27 Two voice melodic dictation

  • 16 two voice melodic dictations